What does 'judicial independence' ensure in a legal system?

Judicial independence is a fundamental principle that ensures the judiciary operates free from interference by the executive or legislative branches of government. This separation is crucial for upholding the rule of law, as it allows judges to make decisions based solely on the law and facts of a case, rather than on political pressures or public opinion. When the judiciary is independent, it can effectively hold other branches accountable, protect individual rights, and maintain public trust in the justice system.

The other options imply scenarios that contradict the essence of judicial independence. For instance, if judges were elected by the public, it could lead to concerns over influence and bias from voters and political groups. Allowing judges to make arbitrary decisions undermines the fairness and reliability of the legal system. Lastly, if the judiciary could be influenced by political pressures, it would compromise its independence, leading to decisions that may not adhere strictly to law or justice. Thus, the assertion that the judiciary remains independent from other government branches is essential to the integrity and functionality of a legal system.