What is the legal definition of 'actus reus'?

The legal definition of 'actus reus' refers specifically to the physical act of committing a crime. This encompasses not only the actions taken by an individual but also situations where a person fails to act when there is a legal duty to do so. 'Actus reus' is fundamental in criminal law as it establishes the actual conduct that is prohibited or punished by law, distinguishing it from the mental state or intent that may accompany that conduct.

Understanding 'actus reus' is critical because for most crimes to be proven, there must be an identifiable action or inaction that leads to the crime being committed. This contrasts with other elements of a crime like intent or the consequences resulting from the act. Therefore, it is essential to differentiate between the physical aspect of a crime and the motives or outcomes associated with it.