What legal principle relates to the authority to interpret and apply laws?

The principle that relates to the authority to interpret and apply laws is judicial power. This power is vested in the courts and judicial systems, allowing them to resolve disputes, interpret legislation, and assess the constitutionality of laws. Judicial power is crucial in ensuring that laws are applied consistently and fairly, providing a check on the legislative and executive branches of government.

The role of the judiciary involves not only applying laws to specific cases but also interpreting the meaning and scope of legislation. This function is essential for maintaining the rule of law and ensuring justice within the legal system. Through judicial review, courts can examine laws and actions of the government, determining whether they align with constitutional provisions.

In contrast, executive power pertains to the administration and enforcement of laws by government officials or agencies. Legislative power is concerned with the creation and enactment of laws by elected representatives. Substantive law refers to the actual laws themselves that govern how individuals conduct their affairs, without directly addressing how those laws are interpreted or applied.