What rights must be communicated to a suspect upon their arrest?

Upon arrest, it is essential for the suspect to be informed about their right to remain silent and to understand the charges against them. This principle is rooted in protecting an individual's rights during the legal process, particularly under the doctrine known as the Miranda rights in some jurisdictions. The right to remain silent ensures that the suspect is not compelled to provide self-incriminating evidence, reflecting the fundamental legal principle that one is presumed innocent until proven guilty. Additionally, informing the suspect of the charges allows them to understand the reason for their arrest and prepares them for their defense, as this information is critical for ensuring they can adequately respond to the accusations.

The other options either do not accurately reflect necessary rights or involve elements that are not typically communicated upon arrest. For instance, access to a private lawyer immediately may depend on jurisdictional rules and available resources; knowing details about the arrest and treatment options can vary widely in requirements and is not a primary focus during the arrest; while the right to file a complaint, while important, is not a right that must be communicated upon the physical act of arrest.